
This baked mac and cheese is rich, creamy, and finished with a golden panko crust for the perfect contrast of textures. A smooth cheese sauce coats tender macaroni before everything bakes just long enough to bubble and brown without drying out.
Preheat the oven to 350°F (180°C). Lightly grease a medium baking dish or use a large oven-safe skillet.
Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add the macaroni and cook for 1 minute less than the package directions so it stays firm after baking.
Drain the pasta well, return it to the pot, and toss with 1 tbsp butter until coated. Set aside while you make the sauce.
Make the topping by mixing the panko breadcrumbs with 2 tbsp melted butter and a pinch of salt. Set aside.
In a large saucepan over medium heat, melt the remaining 4 tbsp butter. Add the flour and cook, stirring constantly, for about 1 minute to form a smooth roux.
Slowly whisk in about 1 cup of milk until the mixture is smooth, then whisk in the remaining milk. Keep whisking until no lumps remain.
Stir in the salt, garlic powder, onion powder, and mustard powder. Cook for 5-8 minutes, stirring often, until the sauce thickens enough to coat the back of a spoon.
Remove the sauce from the heat. Add the shredded Gruyere and mozzarella, then stir until mostly melted and creamy. Taste and adjust seasoning if needed.
Pour the cheese sauce over the macaroni and stir quickly until evenly coated. Transfer to the prepared baking dish or oven-safe skillet.
Sprinkle the buttered panko evenly over the top. Bake for about 25 minutes, or until the topping is lightly golden and the sauce is bubbling at the edges.
Let the mac and cheese rest for 5 minutes before serving so the sauce settles slightly. Serve warm.
Use freshly shredded cheese for the smoothest sauce; pre-shredded cheese often contains starches that can make the sauce grainy. Do not overbake, or the sauce may reduce too much and turn dry. For make-ahead mac and cheese, assemble without the topping, refrigerate, then add the panko just before baking.




